Background-Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a clinical entity characterized by localized ordiffused dilatation of at least 1.5 times that of the normal adjacent segments of the vessel. Itwas once thought of as a variant of atherosclerosis. The role of inflammation inatherosclerosis is increasingly well known; however, the association between inflammationand CAE has been controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the possiblerelationship between leukocyte count and other leukocyte subtypes, the plasma levels of highsensitive C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the coronary ecstatic processand compare these markers between obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) patients andnormal controls.Methods- We enrolled 29 patients with CAE and non-obstructive CAD, 29 with obstructive CAD,and 30 normal epicardial coronary according to coronary angiography results. The peripheralblood was taken, and white blood cell count (WBCC) as well as leukocyte subtypes, includingneutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes cell count, was measured. The plasma levels of highsensitive CRP and IL-6 were determined using the ELISA as well.Results- A higher number of neutrophils and monocytes were found in the patients with CAE aswell as obstructive CAD compared with the normal controls (p value = 0.021). Moreover,levels of plasma high sensitive CRP and IL-6 were also significantly higher in the patientswith CAE and in the patients with obstructive CAD than those without CAD (p value <0.001).Conclusion- This study demonstrated and expanded prior limited findings showing that significantchronic inflammation may have a relationship with the pathogenesis of CAE, which wasassociated with not only increased inflammatory markers but also inflammatory cells in thepatients with CAE (Iranian Heart Journal 2013; 14 (1):11-17).