Iranian Heart Journal

Iranian Heart Journal

Frequency and Pattern of Congenital Heart Diseases Among Children in a Tertiary Hospital in Mogadishu, Somali, 2019: A Hospital-Based Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Mohamed Farah Yusuf 1
Yahya Kemal Icen 2
Said Abdirahman Ahmed 2
Abdirahman Abdikadir Osman 3
Abdinafic Mohamud Hussein 4
1 Emergency Medicine Department, Mogadishu Somali-Turkish Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.
2 Cardiology Department, Mogadishu Somali-Turkish Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.
3 Internal Medicine Department, Mogadishu Somali-Turkish Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.
4 Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Mogadishu Somali-Turkish Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.
Abstract
Background: Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) constitute the most common congenital malformations in pediatrics and comprise up to 25% of all congenital anomalies. They contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in children.
 
Methods: This retrospective hospital-based study was conducted on children undergoing echocardiography for suspected CHDs between January 2019 and December 2019 in a tertiary teaching hospital.
 
Results: Out of 460 patients examined, 160 (35%) patients were diagnosed with CHDs, and 33 (7%) children had acquired heart diseases. Male gender was predominant (82/160; 51%), while female patients comprised 49% (78/160) of the study population. The majority of the patients (130/160; 81%) had acyanotic CHDs, whereas 30 (19%) patients had cyanotic CHDs. The most frequent type of acyanotic CHD was ventricular septal defect (59/160; 37%), followed by pulmonary stenosis (22/160; 14%) and patent ductus arteriosus (21/160; 13%). Tetralogy of Fallot was the most common cyanotic CHD in that it was diagnosed in 8 (5%) patients.
 
Conclusions: Ventricular septal defect was the most common acyanotic CHD in this study, while tetralogy of Fallot was the most frequent cyanotic CHD.  To our knowledge, there are no previous data on CHD in our country. We hope that the results of this study will provide a database for future investigations on the incidence and prevalence of CHDs in tertiary hospitals in Somalia and raise awareness about the significance of their early detection and surgical interventions. (Iranian Heart Journal 2021; 22(1): 10-15)
Keywords
Congenital heart defect
Acyanotic CHD
Cyanotic CHD
Frequency and pattern of CHD
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Iranian Heart Journal
Volume 22, Issue 1
Winter 2021
Pages 10-15