Cardiac Myxoma Arising From the Superior Vena Cava: A Case Report

Document Type : Case Report

Authors

1 Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran.

2 Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Rahimi Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IR Iran.

Abstract

Myxomas, though uncommon in the general population, comprise the most common cardiac tumors. The majority of these tumors are located in the left atrium (75%), followed by the right atrium (20%), the right ventricle (8%), and the left ventricle (3%–4%). Less common forms involve all cardiac chambers, pulmonary vessels, and mitral and aortic valves. Cardiac myxomas arising from the superior vena cava (SVC) constitute an extremely rare presentation of these tumors. The involvement of the SVC in cardiac myxomas is generally secondary to expansion from the right atrium; nonetheless, an SVC origin with the secondary involvement of the right atrium is extremely rare. Herein, we describe a young man presenting with syncope. Further evaluations revealed a mass originating from the SVC with myxoma pathology. (Iranian Heart Journal 2022; 23(3): 131-134)

Keywords


  1. MacGowan SW, Sidhu P, Aherne T, Luke D, Wood AE, Neligan MC, McGovern E. Atrial myxoma: national incidence, diagnosis and surgical management. Irish journal of medical science. 1993 Jun 1; 162(6):223-6.
  2. Castells E, Ferran V, Octavio de Toledo MC, Calbet JM, Benito M, Fontanillas C, Granados J, Obi CL, Saura E. Cardiac myxomas: surgical treatment, long-term results and recurrence. The Journal of cardiovascular surgery. 1993 Feb 1; 34(1):49-53.
  3. Nabil Chakfé MD, Kretz JG, Valentin P, Bernard Geny MD, Petit H, Popescu S, Edah-Tally S, Massard G. Clinical presentation and treatment options for mitral valve myxoma. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 1997 Sep 1; 64(3):872-7.
  4. Bjessmo S, Torbjörn Ivert MD. Cardiac myxoma: 40 years’ experience in 63 patients. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 1997 Mar 1; 63(3):697-700.
  5. Johansson L. Histogenesis of cardiac myxomas. An immunohistochemical study of 19 cases, including one with glandular structures, and review of the literature. Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine. 1989 Jul 1; 113(7):735-41.
  6. Pinede L, Duhaut P, Loire R. Clinical presentation of left atrial cardiac myxoma: a series of 112 consecutive cases. Medicine. 2001 May 1; 80(3):159-72.
  7. de Isla LP, de Castro R, Zamorano JL, Almería C, Moreno R, Moreno M, Lima P, Fernández MA. Diagnosis and treatment of cardiac myxomas by transesophageal echocardiography. American Journal of Cardiology. 2002 Dec 15; 90(12):1419-21.
  8. Keeling I, Oberwalder PJ, Rigler B. Transaortic access for excision of a left ventricular myxoma. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 1999 Dec 1; 68(6):2384-5
  9. Sabzi F, Nasiri B. Myxoma of the superior vena cava origin presented as a right atrial mass. The Journal of Tehran University Heart Center. 2013 Oct 28; 8(4):202.
  10. Keeling IM, Oberwalder P, Anelli-Monti M, Schuchlenz H, Demel U, Tilz GP, Rehak P, Rigler B. Cardiac myxomas: 24 years of experience in 49 patients. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery. 2002 Dec 1; 22(6):971-7.
  11. Teixidó G, Galve E, Avegliano G, Majó J. Myxoma extending from the superior vena cava to the right pulmonary artery. Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition). 2007 Jun 1; 60(6):664-5
  12. Xiao ZH, Hu J, Zhu D, Shi YK, Zhang EY. Tricuspid valve obstruction and right heart failure due to a giant right atrial myxoma arising from the superior vena cava. Journal of cardiothoracic surgery. 2013 Dec; 8(1):1-4
  13. Bortolotti U, Faggian G, Mazzucco A, Milano A, Thiene G, Fasoli G, Gallucci V. Right atrial myxoma originating from the inferior vena cava. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 1990 Jun 1; 49(6):1000-2.