Substance Use Disorders and Cardiovascular Complications

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.

Abstract

Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) constitute a serious medical problem. Information is scarce regarding the connection between SUDs and cardiovascular complications. We sought to examine the types of SUDs and their relationships with complications in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
 
Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study evaluated 406 adult cardiovascular patients with 1 of the different types of SUDs according to eligibility criteria. Required data were extracted, recorded, and analyzed using the SPSS software, version 16.
 
Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age of the participants was 59.7±11.92 years. Ninety percent of the participants used opium. Substance use had a significant relationship with age range, marital status, education level, and income (P<0.05). Opium use was more frequent in patients with hypertension than other illegal substances (73.8% vs 57.1%; P=0.035).
 
Conclusions: Opium was the most frequent substance used by patients with cardiovascular disease. Moreover, our participants had little knowledge about the cardiovascular risks and complications related to SUDs. Therefore, stringent measures are recommended to prevent illegal substance use and raise public awareness in the country. (Iranian Heart Journal 2022; 23(4): 52-59)

Keywords


  1. Moussas GI, Papadopoulou AG. Substance abuse and cancer. Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki. 2017; 28(3):234-41.
  2. Ghanbari B, Malakouti SK, Nojomi M, De Leo D, Saeed K. Alcohol abuse and suicide attempt in Iran: a case-crossover study. Global journal of health science. 2016; 8(7):58.
  3. Moran S, Isa J, Steinemann S. Perioperative management in the patient with substance abuse. Surgical Clinics. 2015; 95(2):417-28.
  4. aa.com.tr. Apr 28, 2020.
  5. Paratz ED, Cunningham NJ, MacIsaac AI. The cardiac complications of methamphetamines. Heart, Lung and Circulation. 2016; 25(4):325-32.
  6. Bagheri-Lankarani K, Sulmaz G, Rahmanian-Haghighi M-R, Bikineh P, mahzad R, Mohit M, et al. Social Studies Yearbook. 1th, editor. Ghom: Miras Mandeghar; 2018.
  7. Mohammadi Zeydi I, Pakpour-Hagiagha A. Application of the theory of planned behavior for the prevention of substance abuse among male adolescents. Iranian journal of health education and health promotion. 2016; 3(4):298-310.
  8. Mooney LJ, Glasner-Edwards S, Marinelli-Casey P, Hillhouse M, Ang A, Hunter J, et al. Health conditions in methamphetamine-dependent adults 3 years after treatment. Journal of addiction medicine. 2009; 3(3):155-63.
  9. Alizadehasl A, Zohrian F, Hashemimanesh M, Pouraliakbar H, Mohamadifar A, Azarfarin R, et al. Left Ventricular Thrombus as a Cause of Recurrent Episodes of Transient Ischemic Attack While on Rivaroxaban in a Patient with Hyperhomocysteinemia. Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Annals. 2020; 11(1):e98698.
  10. Seldenrijk A, Vogelzangs N, Batelaan NM, Wieman I, van Schaik DJ, Penninx BJ. Depression, anxiety and 6-year risk of cardiovascular disease. Journal of psychosomatic research. 2015; 78(2):123-9.
  11. Desbois AC, Cacoub P. Cannabis-associated arterial disease. Annals of vascular surgery. 2013; 27(7):996-1005.
  12. Safa M, Najafizadeh K, Talischi F, Ghasem-Broujerdi F, Khodami-Vishteh H. Determination of the severity and pattern of substance abuse in patients referring for lung and heart transplantation in Masih Daneshvari Hospital. Research in medicine. 2012; 36(4):193-9.
  13. Amin‐Esmaeili M, Rahimi‐Movaghar A, Sharifi V, Hajebi A, Radgoodarzi R, Mojtabai R, et al. Epidemiology of illicit drug use disorders in Iran: prevalence, correlates, comorbidity and service utilization results from the Iranian Mental Health Survey. Addiction. 2016; 111(10):1836-47.
  14. Hatamkhani S, Shiva A, Pouraghdam R, Nojavan N, Ghasempour M. Study of the pattern of drug use among clients referring to the compulsory maintenance, treatment and reducing the harm of addicts center in Urmia in 1394. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. 2015; 61(3):1050-60.
  15. Thylstrup B, Clausen T, Hesse M. Cardiovascular disease among people with drug use disorders. International journal of public health. 2015;60(6):659-68.
  16. Hawley LA, Auten JD, Matteucci MJ, Decker L, Hurst N, Beer W, et al. Cardiac complications of adult methamphetamine exposures. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2013; 45(6):821-7.
  17. Rehm J, Roerecke M. Cardiovascular effects of alcohol consumption. Trends in cardiovascular medicine. 2017; 27(8):534-8.
  18. Jaussent I, Ancelin M-L, Berr C, Pérès K, Scali J, Besset A, et al. Hypnotics and mortality in an elderly general population: a 12-year prospective study. BMC medicine. 2013; 11(1):212.
  19. Whicker SD, Sayer G, Saltman D. Substance abuse and other comorbidities--management in Australian general practice. Aust Fam Physician. 2006; 35(3):169-71.
  20. Hossain R, Almeida RR, Natcheva H, Hedgire S, Ghoshhajra B, Shepard J-A, et al. Complications of Intravenous Substance Use Disorders (SUDs). Journal of thoracic imaging. 2018;33(2):W1-W12.