Iranian Heart Journal

Iranian Heart Journal

Aortic Elasticity Parameters and Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease in Young Diabetic Patients

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Mahmoud Abdelkhalekh ABO OMAR 1
Ayman Ahmed Elsheikh 2
mohamed ahmed khaleel 2
1 Cardiology Department, Tanta Faculty of Medicine, Egypt.
2 Cardiology Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Abstract
Background: Aortic elasticity has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality have been linked to aortic stiffness. Diabetes mellitus is well known to be a significant risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease. The primary aim of this study was to determine which of the aortic elasticity indices was a better predictor of CAD severity in young patients with diabetes mellitus and how these indices related to CAD complexity and severity.
 
Methods: A total of 190 consecutive young patients with diabetes mellitus and CAD, who underwent elective coronary angiography, were prospectively included in this study. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I (n = 50, 26.3%) had normal or nonsignificant angiographic results, while Group II (n = 140, 73.7%) demonstrated significant CAD, for which the SYNTAX score was calculated. With echocardiography, aortic elasticity measures, including aortic strain, aortic stiffness index, and aortic distensibility, were determined for each patient in the study.
 
Results: The results revealed increased aortic stiffness in young diabetic patients with severe CAD and a high SYNTAX score. After adjusting for various factors, aortic distensibility, aortic strain, and aortic stiffness index were identified as independent predictors of a high SYNTAX score (P = 0.006, P = 0.004, and P = 0.003, respectively). The corresponding cutoff values for aortic distensibility, aortic stiffness index, and aortic strain were 4.8, 4.7, and 10.1.
 
Conclusions: Aortic elasticity parameters obtained from echocardiography may be useful in predicting the complexity and severity of coronary lesions in young diabetic patients, as assessed by the SYNTAX score. (Iranian Heart Journal 2024; 25(4): 73-83)
Keywords
Diabetes
Aortic elasticity
MVD
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Iranian Heart Journal
Volume 25, Issue 4
Autumn 2024
Pages 73-83