Iranian Heart Journal

Iranian Heart Journal

Navigating Trauma’s Impact on Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm: A Pivotal Case Report and Review

Document Type : Case Report

Authors
1 Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
2 Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
3 Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
4 Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
Abstract
Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVP) is a rare cardiac condition with a prevalence of approximately 0.05%. It is primarily associated with myocardial infarction or cardiac surgery, although it can also occur post-trauma, accounting for less than 0.1% of cases. The diagnostic process for LVP can be challenging due to its atypical presentation, requiring a comprehensive approach for accurate identification and intervention. Surgical repair is a cornerstone of LVP treatment, given the high risk of rupture and the associated mortality. The case presented here describes a 23-year-old man who developed symptomatic LVP 6 months after a traffic collision. Diagnostic imaging, including echocardiography and computed tomography angiography, identified a 2.2 cm defect in the LV wall, leading to a large pseudoaneurysm measuring approximately 6.0 cm × 5.5 cm. Surgical intervention was successfully performed via a median sternotomy. The timely surgical management in this case not only addressed the LVP but also highlighted the critical importance of prompt intervention in preventing potential complications associated with this condition. This case review provides a comprehensive appraisal of the literature surrounding LVP. This study offers valuable insights for clinical practice by examining the prevalence, etiology, diagnostic challenges, and advancements in surgical techniques. As clinicians encounter similar clinical scenarios, combining this case with a literature review provides a strong reference for informed decision-making and optimizing patient outcomes. (Iranian Heart Journal 2024; 25(4): 105-110)
Keywords

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